Effect of Anredera cordifolia (Binahong) Extract on C-Peptide Levels in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Sprague–Dawley Rats

Salsabila Hafsah  Hasanah; Nurlaely Mida  Rachmawati; Luluk Hermawati

doi:10.59278/cbs.v5i13.98

Salsabila Hafsah Hasanah Medical Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta, Indonesia
Nurlaely Mida Rachmawati Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta, Indonesia
Luluk Hermawati Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University, Banten, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.59278/cbs.v5i13.98

Keywords: Anredera cordifolia, diabetes mellitus, C-peptide, streptozotocin

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both, and remains a major global health concern. Anredera cordifolia (binahong) is a medicinal plant commonly used in traditional medicine and is known to contain bioactive compounds such as saponins, alkaloids, polyphenols, and flavonoids, which have been suggested to possess antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Anredera cordifolia leaf extract on C-peptide levels as a marker of endogenous insulin secretion in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. A total of 24 male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: negative control (without STZ induction or treatment), positive control (STZ-induced), and treatment group (STZ-induced rats receiving Anredera cordifolia leaf extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight/day). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight, and rats with random blood glucose levels ≥200 mg/dL were included in the diabetic groups. The extract was administered orally for 14 days. At the end of the intervention period, blood samples were collected, and plasma C-peptide levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and analyzed with a microplate reader. Statistical analysis using the Kruskal–Wallis test demonstrated no significant difference in mean C-peptide levels among the three groups (p = 0.132). These findings indicate that administration of Anredera cordifolia leaf extract at the tested dose and duration did not significantly affect C-peptide levels in STZ-induced diabetic Sprague–Dawley rats, suggesting that its potential antihyperglycemic effects may not be associated with measurable improvement in pancreatic β-cell secretory function under these experimental conditions.

References

1. American Diabetes Association. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: Standards of medical care in diabetes—2021. Diabetes Care. 2021;44(Suppl 1):S15-S33. doi:10.2337/dc21-S002
2. Cho NH, Shaw JE, Karuranga S, et al. IDF diabetes atlas: Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2017 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018;138:271-281. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2018.02.023
3. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023. Kemenkes RI; 2023.
4. Zulfa HA, Irawati NBU, Hermawati L, Putri NR, Fathurrohim F, Dewi LF. Signifikansi HbA1c sebagai penanda risiko komplikasi diabetes mellitus tipe 2: tinjauan literatur. Tirtayasa Medical Journal. 2025;5(1):51-63.
5. Wahyuningrum R, Wahyono D, Mustofa M, Prabandari YS. Masalah-masalah terkait pengobatan diabetes melitus tipe 2: Sebuah studi kualitatif. Indones J Clin Pharm. 2020;9(1):26-33.
6. Hermawati L, Irawati NBU, Zulfa HA, Diana WA. The role of balanced nutrition knowledge in influencing nutritional status and health risks: A literature review. Int J Med Public Health. 2025;2(1):1-14.
7. Darifah S, Trisnasari E, Yuniarti TE, Sugiharto A, Wulansari ER, Hermawati L. Skrining gizi dan edukasi nutrisi untuk pencegahan masalah gizi dan metabolik komunitas e-sport. J Pembelajaran Pemberdayaan Masy. 2025;6(3):983-992.
8. Adhayati B, Prameswari YN, Hermawati L, Wulansari ER, Zulfa HA, Putri NR. Skrining tekanan darah sebagai langkah preventif komplikasi hipertensi pada masyarakat Desa Kasemen, Provinsi Banten. PengabdianMu J Ilm Pengabdi Kpd Masy. 2025;10(12):2662-2669.
9. Rahmaisyah D, Diana WA, Dewi LF, Fathurrohim F, Zulfa HA, Hermawati L, Irawati NBU. High cholesterol and hypertension: Pathophysiological and clinical implications review. MAJORITY. 2025;13(2):63-72.
10. Hermawati L, Zulfa HA, Irawati NBU, Diana WA. Hyperuricemia and hypertension: correlation, mechanisms, and clinical implications—a literature review. MAJORITY. 2025;13(1):1-9.
11. Kusriani H, Susilawati E, Nurafipah L, Nurkholifah. Antidiabetic activity of combination of binahong (Anredera cordifolia Ten. Steenis), cherry (Muntingia calabura L.) and brotowali (Tinospora crispa L.) extracts. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2023;15(2):75-80. doi:10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_917_21
12. Handayani F, Hasneli GTUY. Pengaruh rebusan daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia) terhadap kadar gula darah penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. Coping Community Publ Nurs. 2022;10(6):671-677.
13. Rasyid A, Ariany D, Hermawati L, Rachmawati NM, Zulfa HA. Efek ekstrak Nigella sativa terhadap histopatologi pankreas dan hepar pada tikus model diabetes melitus. J Gizi Kerja Produkt. 2025;6(1):137-143.
14. Madhariya R, Dixena B, Ram A, Vyas A, Jain AK. Experimental animal models: Tools to investigate antidiabetic activity. Curr Pharm Des. 2023;29(2):79-94. doi:10.2174/1381612829666221220115649
15. Gvazava IG, Rogovaya OS, Borisov MA, Vorotelyak EA, Vasiliev AV. Pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus and rodent experimental models. Acta Naturae. 2018;10(1):24-33.
16. Raka IM, Sari NK. Manfaat rebusan daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia) untuk menurunkan kadar gula darah. Penerbit NEM; 2022.
17. Sintawati D. Aktivitas antidiabetes fraksi etil asetat ekstrak etanol daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia [Ten.] Steenis) pada tikus yang diinduksi streptozotocin [dissertation]. Universitas Bhakti Kencana; 2024.
18. Sulfianti A, Firdausi N, Nurhadi N, Ngatinem N, Agustini K, Ningsih S. Antidiabetic activity of Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Stennis extracts with different ethanol percentages: An evaluation based on in vitro, in vivo, and molecular studies. PHARMACIA. 2023;70(1):39-47. doi:10.3897/pharmacia.70.e94899
19. Al-Ishaq RK, Abotaleb M, Kubatka P, Kajo K, Büsselberg D. Flavonoids and their anti-diabetic effects: Cellular mechanisms and effects to improve blood sugar levels. Biomolecules. 2019;9(9):430. doi:10.3390/biom9090430
20. Lee MS, Chyau CC, Wang CP, Wang TH, Chen JH, Lin HH. Flavonoids identification and pancreatic beta-cell protective effect of lotus seedpod. Antioxidants (Basel). 2020;9(8):658. doi:10.3390/antiox9080658
21. Shafras M, Sabaragamuwa R, Suwair M. Role of dietary antioxidants in diabetes: An overview. Food Chem Adv. 2024;4:100666. doi:10.1016/j.focha.2024.100666
22. Wickramasinghe ASD, Kalansuriya P, Attanayake AP. Herbal medicines targeting improved β-cell functions and β-cell regeneration for the management of diabetes mellitus. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021;2021:2920530. doi:10.1155/2021/2920530
23. Sangande F, Ningsih S, Agustini K, et al. Effects and molecular mechanisms of the combination of Andrographis paniculata and Anredera cordifolia as an insulin sensitizer: In vitro, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and dynamics studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn. Published online May 6, 2025. doi:10.1080/07391102.2025.2499224
24. Zhang H, Zhang Q, Luo D, et al. The effect of family-based intervention for adults with diabetes on HbA1c and other health-related outcomes: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2022;31(11-12):1488-1501.

Username
Password
Remember me